LEGALITAS PERKAWINAN LINTAS AGAMA: RELASI SYARIAH DAN HAM INTERNASIONAL DALAM PANDANGAN MASHOOD A. BADERIN

Penulis

  • Nor Salam SALAM Institut Agama Islam Al-Yasini, Pasuruan, Indonesia
  • Ririn Fauziyah Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sunan Giri Bojonegoro, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.28944/reflektika.v21i1.2798

Kata Kunci:

Interfaith marriage, Islamic law, Human Rights, Mashood A. Baderin's Thought

Abstrak

Abstract

Interfaith marriage continues to be one of the most debated issues in family law, as it lies at the intersection of Islamic legal doctrine and the principles of international human rights. This study is undertaken in response to the limited scholarly attention devoted to examining the legal status of interfaith marriage through the theoretical perspective of Mashood A. Baderin. It seeks to explore the potential for reconciling Islamic law with international human rights norms in formulating legal arguments supporting the recognition of interfaith marriage based on Baderin's framework. This research employs a normative legal methodology with a comparative approach by analysing international human rights instruments alongside Islamic legal principles governing the right to marry and freedom of religion. The study relies exclusively on secondary legal materials, including legislation, international human rights documents, and the opinions of classical and contemporary Islamic jurists. The findings reveal that Baderin's framework provides a constructive basis for dialogue between Islamic law and international human rights through the application of maqashid al-sharia, the principle of maslahah, and contextual ijtihad. These interpretive approaches offer an alternative legal perspective that enables Islamic law to engage with international human rights standards while preserving its essential normative foundations. Accordingly, the interaction between these two legal systems may provide a persuasive legal justification for recognizing the legitimacy of interfaith marriage.

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